Homework - 1062 Words

Alamo Draft house Case Study 1. Marketing analysts use market position maps to display visually the customers’ perceptions of a firm in relation to its competitors regarding two attributes. Prepare a market position map for Alamo Draft house using â€Å"food quality and â€Å"movie selection† as axes. Answer: The market position map for the Alamo Draft house using food quality and movie selection as axes is as follows: Big Small Movie Selection High Low Food Quality 2. Use the â€Å"Strategic Service Vision† framework to describe Alamo Draft house in terms of target market segments, service concept, operating strategy, and service delivery system. Answer: The table below illustrates the strategic service vision of Alamo Draft†¦show more content†¦This is a different category, which may not affect Alamos that much due to the difference in movie and service categories. Substitutes: People can prepare meals and stay at home and watch the second run movies, which may threat the business. However, some people like to be serviced and hang out while eating, watching movies, and having an alcoholic drink. In addition, Alamos holds events, which cannot be replaced at home. New Entrants: Industries like the ones mentioned in the new entrants section can enter the business and compete with Alamos. Such places already have the available large space to accommodate such service and compete. Power of Suppliers: The price of movies should stay fixed as Alamos play second run movies. Food prices may go up and down, but it is known and obvious to everyone, which will not affect the business much. However, the owner of the property may increase the rent of the place, which will affect the overall business and should reflect on higher prices on the menu or tickets. This may affect the number of customers coming to the place due to the increased prices. Power of Customers: Customers have power over the owner of Alamos because they can choose to go to alternative places. This may cause problems and competition to keep customers to the place. This may require discounts and special offers to loyal customers to maintain loyalty. Customers may put pressure on the owner to reduceShow MoreRelatedIs Homework Harmful Or Helpful?878 Words   |  4 PagesOdera Is Homework harmful or helpful?. Homework is defined as an out of class task assigned to students to help them practice and prepare for their future. Homework has been around for a very long time. It is set and traced as a tradition of having teachers assigning work and students working on it. Parents demand that teachers require it and teachers verbally express that parents demand more of it. teachers assign homework to avail some students ameliorate their grade and pass the courseRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Homework1413 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Homework, which has long been a battleground among teachers, parents, and students, is coming under more scrutiny than ever as the divide grows between resistors and its proponents† (Luke). Homework has been a part of every student s life since 1905 and recently has become a topic that people can not come to an agreement on. Students, teachers, and parents continually go back and forth everyday regarding the type of and amount of homework students receive. Al though some people might think homeworkRead MoreExcessive Amounts Of Homework1163 Words   |  5 PagesExcessive Amounts of Homework is Not Beneficial Homework is defined as tasks assigned to students by school teachers that are intended to be carried out during non-school hours. The most common purpose of homework is to have students practice the material already presented in class also to reinforce learning and ease comprehension of specific skills. Homework has been a debatable topic for many years. Some researches agree that homework is beneficial while others disagree with that statement. FurtherRead MorePersuasive Essay Homework1054 Words   |  5 PagesShould homework be given in school? Although homework gives students a chance to succeed in a very competitive world, it takes up a lot of time in the day, it doesn’t help students grow academically, and it also takes a toll on the personal lives and the health of many students. Kids go to school everyday for 6-7 hours a day, and are stuffed with things to memorize and ‘understand’ everyday until test day comes and they throw up all the information on the test, only to forget it after a weekRead MoreThe Effects of Homework on Education1681 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The debate over homework has become a controversial one throughout the years. Most of the general population is on the uprise to stop homework, while education providers try to endure its existence. While the general population see homework as a burden and unnecessary, the real idea of homework creates an obvious path of success. Part of that path to success is do to the instructors use of homework in the correct manner. While the other path, is the completion and practice a studentRead MoreBenefits Of Assigning Homework1579 Words   |  7 Pagesthis paper is to discuss the long debate over whether or not homework should be assigned within the school system. Are there benefits to assigning homework, or is the purpose of homework being defeated? The different sections will examine the benefits of homework, reasons why homework is not beneficial and personal opinions on homework. Benefits of Assigning Homework Assigning homework has been an ongoing debate for many years. Is homework helpful or is it a waste of time for students? Are thereRead MoreHomework As A Good Thing Essay1230 Words   |  5 PagesLang Period 6 October 19, 2016 Abstract Homework has been considered apart of every child’s learning experience in America, but there are many downsides to homework. Homework prevents children from exploring the world they live in, besides just what they learn in the classroom and prevents many other activities. Along with this, homework can be very unhealthy is child’s life due to the amount of stress it causes. There is also evidence that suggests homework has no affect on learning and in many casesRead MoreThe Vital Importance of Homework680 Words   |  3 PagesEvery prosperous person has attained their goals via this privileged activity which has been practised for generations. Homework is beneficial for children of all ages; to learn new strategies and theories. All schools give homework to enrich their students learning and to prepare them for their soon to be successful futures. Vehemently, homework is an essential requirement for children, adolescents or even adults! Generally speaking, according t o research (Cooper, Robinson Patall, 2006), studiesRead MoreHomework And Its Effect On Student Achievement922 Words   |  4 PagesHomework Homework is the idea of extending the school day, by assigning students work to be done at home. There are many different opinions of homework and its effectiveness, overall homework has been proven to have a positive effect on student achievement. John Hattie explores a study done by Cooper in 1989. â€Å"Cooper’s results suggest that more task-oriented homework had higher effects than did deep learning and problem solving homework†¦ Homework involving high level conceptual thinking and projectRead MoreThe Pros and Cons of Homework Essay939 Words   |  4 PagesHomework: Does it Help, or Harm Us? When a class is almost over and a teacher starts assigning homework, every students heart drops. When students have an excess of homework, they do not do as well. Even though homework is a good tool to help teachers teach students subjects, teachers should give less homework because too much homework causes mental health issues in students and less homework helps improve test scores. The first reason teachers should give students less homework is that it takes

The Financial Crisis Of The Housing Bubble - 1482 Words

The Financial Crisis that started in 2007 The 2007-08 financial crisis that started in the US is often dubbed as the housing bubble. Although, the burst of the housing bubble is the tipping point of the crisis, the true causes have building up slowly and steadily for almost over a decade. The burst of the housing bubble was merely a reflection of the built up baggage. This crisis is a classic example of how dangerous derivatives can turn out to be if not properly managed. Causes of the crisis and the sequence of events Succinctly, several macroeconomic factors laid the foundation and primed the field for a downfall and rash attitude of borrowers, the sub-prime lending, the greed of bankers and their shadow banking system, complacency of†¦show more content†¦Bingo borrowers – the reckless borrowers Since, loans were offered easily and at cheap cost, borrowers started borrowing recklessly beyond the point of their earnings capacity as there is now no disincentive to default a loan as one can get another loan at relative ease. This subprime lending, increased the demand for housing and thus increased the prices. In effect, sub-prime lending slowly became the cause of the high property prices rather than the effect. The ever greedy Bankers With the promise of building of Chinese wall between investing and commercial banking division, the Glass- Steagall act is repealed and this made it easier for the investment banks to make money out of thin air. I banks that were selling CDOs were constantly nudging the commercial banking division to shun their traditional conservative philosophy with more of a gamble as they can now spin off the risks pretty efficiently . Also, the capital regulations weren’t so tight and allowed the banks to spin the assets off the balance sheet into special purpose vehicles that were subject to weak capital requirement standards and were funded by the raising moneyShow MoreRelatedThe Collapse of the Domino --- Chinese Real Estate1206 Words   |  5 Pagesoutbreak of the U.S. financial crisis in 2008, the whole worlds financial situation is not good, but except one, which is China. However, many people find out that China is walking on the old U.S. economic way, which means China will have economic crisis either. So right now, all the eyes from all the countries are watching at China’s economy, because if Chinese economic collapse, there are no more people buy Japanese animations and European luxuries. And after the economic crisis, China will recoveryRead MoreTheu.s. Housing Market And The U.s. Financial Crisis1448 Words   |  6 Pagesin the U.S. housing market between 2007 and 2009, led to the biggest global financial crisis. The impact of this crisis extended over the world, and the economies of many countries were damaged. Kawai stated that: ‘The ongoing global crisis has had a profound impact on the Asia and Pacific region, particularly on its exports.’ (2009:1) There were a lot of factors which brought about the crisis. Due to limited space, this essay will look at the U.S. housing market and the U.S. financial system, andRead MoreThe Financial Crisis : Deregulation Or Over Regulation?1175 Words   |  5 PagesThe Financial Crisis: Deregulation or Over-regulation? As evidenced by the plethora of explanations concerning it, the 2007-08 financial crisis that originated in the United-States is highly complex. The literature presents various causes, most of which can be placed on either side of a debate between government intervention and laissez-faire of market mechanisms. On one side, it is argued that financial actors are responsible for the crisis as a result of their use and distribution of complexRead MoreThe World Experienced A Tremendous Financial Crisis Essay1131 Words   |  5 Pagestremendous financial crisis which rooted from the U.S housing market; moreover, it is considered by many economists as one of the worst recession since the Great Depression in 1930s. After posing a huge effect on the U.S economy, the financial crisis expanded to Europe and the rest of the world. It brought governments down, ruined economies, crumble financial corporations and impoverish individual lives. For example, the financial crisis has resulted in the collapse of massive financial institutionsRead MoreGovernment Intervention And Laissez Faire Of Market Mechanisms1369 Words   |  6 Pagesthe plethora of explanations concerning it, the 2007-08 financial crisis that originated in the United-States is highly complex. The literature presents various causes, most of which can be placed on either side of a debate between government intervention and laissez-faire of market mechanisms. On one side, it is argued that financial actors are responsible for the crisis as a result of their use and distribution of complex and risky financial products, and their irresponsible lending. On the otherRead MoreChina Housing Bubble1243 Words   |  5 PagesDalian has formed the biggest bubbles in the real estate market in the decade. However, we do not see any slowdown in these cities. As of today, the property prices seem to keep on growing forever. Will China’s housing bubble pop? Compare the housing bubbles in the United States with that in China * A brief background information about the housing market in US before it crashed down * Elaborate on China’s current housing market and see how close is it to the housing market condition in the US Read MoreThe Impact Of U.s. Economy On The Housing Crisis1188 Words   |  5 Pagesthe U.S. Economy had entered into a recession. The overall agreement of what was the primary cause of this recession was the credit crisis from the bursting of the housing bubble. This lead the U.S. into the worst recession in over sixty years (Holt). The decade before the 2008 crisis, showed the development of a key factor that would later contribute to the crisis. It was the dramatic increase in aggregate households’ indebtedness that had become so severe in the United States. This large growthRead MoreFinancial Crisis After The Great Depression1229 Words   |  5 Pages2008 Financial Crisis Not since the great depression was there such a devastating economic crisis as the 2008 financial crisis. A crisis rooted from the burst of the housing bubble in the U.S. thus leading to the government being brought down, ruined economies, crumbled financial corporations and impoverish lives of numerous individuals. As reported in McClean and Nocera’s All the Devils Are Here: The Hidden History of the Financial Crisis, â€Å"the seeds of [the] financial disaster were sown more thanRead MoreThe Mortgage Crisi- Cause and Effect1167 Words   |  5 PagesThe 21st Century Mortgage Crisis ENGL106 January 22, 2011 Abstract The 21st century mortgage crisis is certainly a key factor to the current financial catastrophe. There are multiple events that contributed to the downward spiral of the mortgage business. The crisis can be directly linked to the overzealous dreams of home ownership to the manipulation and failure of capitalism. What started out as mortgage bankers’ relaxed and deregulated approach to funding unqualified lenders has turnedRead MoreThe Great Recession And The Housing Crisis1600 Words   |  7 PagesThe notion of a bubble is really defined in terms of people’s thinking, expectations about future price increases, theories about the risk of falling prices, and worries about being priced out of the housing market in the future if not sold. This literature review presents different views of people and economists which are published. The whole section is divided into segments, the former talking about the recession of 2007 -2008 and the Housing bubble and the latter talks abo ut the newspapers articles

How to Extract DNA From a Banana

Extracting DNA from a banana may sound like a difficult task, but it is not very difficult at all. The process involves a few general steps, including mashing, filtration, precipitation, and extraction. What You Need BananaSaltWarm waterLiquid soapBlenderToothpicksStrainerGlass jarRubbing alcoholKnife Heres How Using your knife, cut your banana into tiny pieces to expose more of the cells.Place your banana pieces in the blender, add a teaspoon of salt and slightly cover the mixture with warm water. The salt will help the DNA stay together during the mashing process.Mix in the blender for 5 to 10 seconds making sure the mixture is not too runny.Pour the mixture into the glass jar through the strainer. You want the jar to be about half full.Add about 2 teaspoons of liquid soap and gently stir the mixture. You should try not to create bubbles when stirring. The soap helps to break down cell membranes to release the DNA.Carefully pour very cold rubbing alcohol down the side of the glass stopping near the top.Wait for 5 minutes to allow the DNA to separate from the solution.Use the toothpicks to extract the DNA that floats to the surface. It will be long and stringy. Tips When pouring the alcohol, make sure that two separate layers are being formed (The bottom layer being the banana mixture and the top layer being the alcohol).When extracting the DNA, twist the toothpick slowly. Be sure to only remove the DNA from the top layer.Try repeating this experiment again using other foods such as an onion or chicken liver. Process Explained Mashing the banana exposes a greater surface area from which to extract the DNA. The liquid soap is added to help break down cell membranes to release the DNA. The filtration step (pouring the mixture through the strainer) allows for the collection of the DNA and other cellular substances. The precipitation step (pouring the cold alcohol down the side of the glass) allows the DNA to separate from other cellular substances. Finally, the DNA is removed from the solution by extraction with the toothpicks. DNA Basics DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) molecule, illustration. Â  KTSDESIGN/Science Photo Library/Getty Images What is DNA?: DNA is a biological molecule that contains genetic information. It is a nucleic acid that is organized into chromosomes. The genetic code found in DNA provides instructions for the production of proteins and all components necessary for the reproduction of life. Where is DNA Found?: DNA can be found in the nucleus of our cells. Organelles known as mitochondria also produce their own DNA. What makes up DNA?: DNA is composed of long nucleotide strands. How is DNA shaped?: DNA commonly exists as a double stranded molecule with a twisted double helical shape. What is the role of DNA in inheritance?: Genes are inherited through the replication of DNA in the process of meiosis. Half of our chromosomes are inherited from our mother and half from our father. What is the role of DNA in protein production?: DNA contains the genetic instructions for the production of proteins. DNA is first transcribed into an RNA version of the DNA code (RNA transcript). This RNA message is then translated to produce proteins. Proteins are involved in just about all cell functions and are key molecules in living cells. More Fun With DNA This model shows the double helix and nucleotide base structure of DNA. The double helix is formed by two spiraling strands of sugar phosphates. Nucleotide bases (red, blue, yellow, green) are arrayed along these strands. LAWRENCE LAWRY/Getty Images Constructing DNA models is a great way to learn about the structure of DNA, as well as DNA replication. You can learn how to make DNA models out of everyday objects including cardboard and jewelry. You can even learn how to make a DNA model using candy.

Divine Command Theory An Ethical Theory - 828 Words

Divine command theory is an ethical theory (metaethics) which asserts that an actions place as morally good, is corresponding to whether or not it is commanded by God. The theory states, roughly, that â€Å"The view that morality is somehow dependent upon God, and that moral obligation consists in obedience to God’s commands. Divine Command Theory includes the claim that morality is ultimately based on the commands or character of God, and that the morally right action is the one that God commands or requires.† Enthusiasts of both mono and polytheistic religions, in both archaic and modern times, have regularly welcomed the extreme influence of God’s commands in implementing morality. Diverse modifications of the theory have been conferred: historically, powerful symbols and characters, including Plato, Duns Scotus, Thomas Aquinas, and Saint Augustine, have all given us distinct and diverse versions of the divine command theory. However, a recent philosopher nam ed Robert Adams, has suggested a type of modified divine command theory set on the good-will of God in which morality is directly related to human interpretations of right and wrong. While the basic grounds of the Divine Command Theory are straightforward, things become convoluted when one contemplates why God’s commands are good. The sounder version of the divine command theory asserts that virtue and morality is an establishment of God s will. According to this perspective, benevolence is good because God has willedShow MoreRelatedThe Divine Command Theory : An Ethical Theory1217 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction The Divine Command Theory is an ethical theory that states that an action is moral, or good, if God commands it - and, by extension, if God forbids an action, it is immoral. I was raised with the teachings of the Bible being used to show me the separation between right and wrong – between God’s will and man’s sinful desires. I always accepted that my sense of morality was set on the bedrock of the holy Scriptures – the Ten Commandments, the teachings of Jesus, the epistles in the NewRead MoreThe Doctrine Of The Divine Command Theory1377 Words   |  6 Pagessome of the most thought provoking theories and ideas from some of the greatest philosophers. One of those theories is the Divine Command theory. The Divine Command theory tries to explain the relation between God and what is morally correct and there have been many philosophers who have taken very opposing views on the theory in order to determine of society should accept this theory. According to the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy Divine Command theory is â€Å"the view that morality is somehowRead MoreThe Dilemma Of The Euthyphro Dilemma952 Words   |  4 Pagesomniscient, and he creates life and living organisms on our planet. In addition, the readers can understand that Socrates gives two right options; however, it is just an inescapable circular in this reasoning. These two possibilities refer to the ethical behavior, and morality is not the same as the God of love. Indeed, Euthyphro’s thesis does not show us the nature of morality, and it mostly focuses on the quality of ethics. According to the Euthyphro Dilemma by Plato, the readers can understandRead MoreEuthyphro Dialogue Essay examples1485 Words   |  6 PagesIn the dialogue Euthyphro (Cahn and Markie), Plato presents an argument against the divine command meta-ethical theory. While the argument is presented against the predominantly pantheistic Greek religions, the argument can be easily applied to the monotheistic Abrahamic religions. The dialogue starts off with the two main characters: Euthyphro and Socrates. Socrates has been indicted for corrupting the youth of Athens and Euthyphro is indicting his father for murdering a day-labourer who killedRead MoreDivine Command Theory By evo1 | Studymode.com The Ten Commandments brought to us through Moses1600 Words   |  7 PagesDivine Command Theory By evo1 | Studymode.com The Ten Commandments brought to us through Moses were said to be mans first laws. According to the Bible society was devoid of morality with the people running rampant. There were no laws to govern the actions of society and this created a hedonistic environment with people doing whatever they wanted without regard to the ramifications of such behavior. Obviously unable to govern their own impulses and without any moral compass the society was in dangerRead MoreEthical System Project. Overall, I Favor A Modified Divine1302 Words   |  6 PagesEthical System Project Overall, I favor a modified divine command based ethical system. Essentially, God is the author and founder of what is right and wrong, and each of his commands are birthed from and reflect his divine, self-sufficient essence. The Holy Scriptures tell us two critical realities of God. First, Genesis 1:1 states, â€Å"In the beginning, God [†¦]† From this we see that God was first, preeminent, before all things; he is the foundation of all that was, is, and will be. Accordingly, thisRead MoreThe Euthyphro Dilemma Essay2679 Words   |  11 PagesReligion and morality have been seen as inseparable since the advent of Western thought (http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/religion-morality/) - religions fundamental characters being frequently ethical in nature, and morality often viewed as a derivative of religion. However, the relationship is not as clear cut as many people would like you to believe. A very old and important dilemma facing this relationship is the Euthyphro dil emma, discussed in Plato’s Euthyphro. In it, Socrates and EuthyphroRead MoreOn Euthyphros Dilemma and Divine Command Essay examples1757 Words   |  8 Pagesand Divine Command In Platos Euthyphro, Socrates presents a fundamentally meta-ethical problem to Euthyphro by asking â€Å"whether the pious or holy is beloved by the gods because it is holy, or holy because it is beloved of the gods† (Plato 219)? I will relate this question to the Divine Command Theory of morality and discuss the philosophical implications associated with each possible answer to the dilemma while demonstrating fallacies and inequalities within each. Divine Command Theory (DCT)Read MoreDivine Command Theory, Deontology, And Virtue Ethics1618 Words   |  7 Pagesand answers to ethical problems and the morality construction in which is the correct way of going about life upon many years. Philosophers have begun to narrow down the cases that provide the best support to answer ethical questions which we encounter. That being, divine command theory, utilitarianism, deontology, and virtue ethics all provide adequate insight to everyday morality. There are flaws and strengths to each and every one of these concepts. However, divine command theory proves to provideRead MoreI Believe Act Utilitarianism Is The Strongest Ethical Theory958 Words   |  4 Pagesimprove his/her thinking. Within philosophy, there are many ethical theories. Such theories include: the Divine Command Theory, Hedonism, Desire Theory, Ethical Relativism, and much more. In this term paper, I will discuss which theory I believe is the strongest and which theory I b elieve is the weakest. Regardless, there is no perfect theory. Each theory has their own flaws. I believe act-utilitarianism is the strongest ethical theory presented in class. According to Russ Shafer-Landau, act-utilitarianism

Discourse Analysis A Discourse Analyst - 1802 Words

Discourse analysis is another method that can be used to analyze topics regarding international relations. This theory uses multiple approaches to analyze any written or oral piece of communication to look for semiotics within. Usually the particularly communication being analyzed is of speeches, communiquà ©s, and press releases which are produced by world leaders and politicians. This analysis looks to find the meaning and significance behind the words being used. What is being said directly? What is actually meant? What tone is being used? Which words are being stressed? These are all important questions for a discourse analyst in undertaking a particular piece of communication. A discourse analyst will search for comparisons, themes,†¦show more content†¦Food security effects all nations where anyone has the risk of going hungry, not just because there is food. In May, 2017, Barack Obama gave an impactful speech on the subject of food security and climate change at th e Seed and Chips Global Food Innovation Summit (see Appendix 1). He discussed in great length the reality of how no country or group of people will be salvaged from the effects of climate change, and how the global food source is diminishing a great speed. The objective of his speech was to capitalize on the notion that food is an unavoidable link in the chain of development. It is necessary for social equality, education, health, growing economies and for the globe. There are many linguistic tools worth discussing that played a part in the effectiveness of this speech in mobilizing efforts for food security. In part of discursive theories, analysts want to understand how a certain actor is defining what the threat to security is, and what security really means. In this speech, Obama explains that the principle threat is climate change and implies that without climate change, we would not have the same amount of food insecurity that we do today. The reduction of clean water and the unpredictable changes in temperature has created stress on individual countries, and by domino effect, the world. Climate change is accelerated by the poor conditions we have chosen to meet our food production needs. He uses the example of meat productionShow MoreRelatedAn Investigation Of Verbal Communication1580 Words   |  7 Pagesand clarified. One of these is through explicative contrast from fairly comparable methodologies. The expression ‘Conversation Analysis’ is at this point solidly settled as the name for a specific worldview in the investigation of verbal communication that was started in the 1960s by Harvey Sacks, as a team with Emanuel Schegloff and Gail Jefferson. In Conversation Analysis the attention is on the procedural examination of talk-in-cooperation, how members deliberately sort out their connections toRead MoreCritical Discourse Analysis1510 Words   |  7 PagesCritical Discourse Analysis Social communication is increasingly becoming a subject of scientists’ discussions from different disciplines, as well as ordinary language users.  In contemporary social sciences, especially in linguistics, we see a clear shift to discourse.  Discourse allows us to talk about use of the language, as well as the language as a socio-cultural activity.  In this sense, discourse, on one hand, reflects the social reality, on the other hand, it shapes it, therefore participateRead MoreThe Concept Of Abductive Methodology786 Words   |  4 Pagesconflict theory, it will also suggest possible hypothesis while analyzing the data available. Discourse analysis is a framework used to analyze written, vocal, or sign language. (Yatsko V.A, Integrational discourse analysis conception). Discourse analysis does not presuppose a bias towards the study of either spoken or written language (Stef Slembrouck as cited in Whittaker, O’Donnell, Hidalgo). Discourse is the conventional idea that writing and language is planned according to different patternsRead MoreUse Of Bourdieu s Theory On A Text And Context3401 Words   |  14 PagesIn this essay, I will focus on the role discourse plays in a text and context, I have chosen the IAB as the report to deconstruct using discourse analysis.â€Å"The Internet Advertising Bureau (IAB) is the trade association for online and mobile Ad. It promotes growth and the best practice for advertisers, agencies and media owners† (iabuk.net). With their main focus being on online advertisement, it is only fitting that the report is a reflection on how online advertisement works. Along with deconstructingRead MoreTaking a Look at Sexual Education2416 Words   |  10 PagesHowever, there are some sexologists like David Kinsey, whose work though illustrates sex as natural and given thing, accepts the fact that there are other forms of sexual practices beyond the heterosexual one (Jackson and Scott, 2010). Thus, the discourse about sex and sexuality within this theoretical explanation is mainly in the frame of heterosexual sex being only the â€Å"natural† and â€Å"normal† sex, where reproduction is considered its main function. Following the sexology, in 1960s the theory of psychoanalysisRead MoreHow The Autonomy Of Journalists Are Affected During War Times1675 Words   |  7 Pagesthe spread of the internet platforms suggests the arrival of a more pluralized public sphere. The overall effect of these technological developments, according to many analysts, was a reduction in government control over information and a news media that was likely to be more aggressive and ‘off-message’. Within the media analyst Hoskins review titled â€Å"War and Media† he states that new technology, rather than empowering media and deepening our understanding of war has led only to a more trivial experienceRead MoreOne of the Main Divisions Between Mainstream and Critical Social Psychology Is That of the Methods Adopted. Discuss with Reference to the Cognitive Social and at Least One Other Social Psychological Perspective.1698 Words   |  7 Pagesstatistically valid conclusions. Discursive psychology focuses on the external world of discourse, its meaning and effects and studies the socially constructed, situated and contingent identity. It is a qualitative approach. It emerged in the 1970s with the linguistic turn, and was influenced by sociological social psychology. Researchers use discourse analysis to produce qualitative data by conversational and textual analysis. Phenomenological psychology focuses on the detailed description of socialRead MoreApplying A Mixed Methods For Choosing Text And Data Collection932 Words   |  4 Pagesand data collection are provided in 3.6, in addition to providing some background and contextual description and information about the texts and the audi-ence they are addressed to. In 3.5, I discuss the qualitative aspect represented by narrative analysis supported by highlighting the analytical focus when dealing with qualitative data in 3.7. The chapter ends with a summary section that refers back to the first section to locate the methodology and analytical procedures within the mixed method variousRead MoreCritique Of The Book General Essay1368 Words   |  6 Pageswith their economic, social and political advantages. Within these circumstances, the donor agencies and the local elites hold these advantages thereby representing their own class and not the interest of the general public. Moreover, while the discourse of power is explicitly indicated in the book, I am also missing a comprehensive discussion on how to address them. For instance, how do we break free from this seemingly politicized participatory mechanisms? It might help to account for intersectionalityRead MoreEssay on Psychoanalysis and Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness1134 Words   |  5 Pages(re)cognition of trauma. Julia Kristeva refers to the analysands narrative as an instance of borderline [neurotic] discourse which gives the analyst the impression of something alogical, unstitched, and chaotic (42). She then explores the pleasure (jouissance) that the analysand experiences in the course of Lacans talking cure. For the analysand, the pleasure is in the telling: [T]he analyst is struck by a certain maniacal eroticization of speech, as if the patient were clinging to it, gulping it down

Business Communication and Organizational Culture

Question: Discuss about the Business Communication and Organizational Culture. Answer: Introduction The concept of the groupthink is first coined by a research psychologist Irving Janis in the tear 1972 (Bell 2016). Lee et al. (2016) explain the concept of group thinking that it occurs when overconfidence leads the common sense and problem-solving abilities. Moreover, in business, it can be explained from a scenario where a group makes faulty or ineffective decisions and it has to be supported by all the team members even though some of them think that it is not correct (Bell 2016). The primary objective of this business report is to highlight some examples of groupthink and their associated potential reason for its operational failure. Traits of Group-thinkers Some of the traits that a group possess and can be considered to be the main cause of the occurrence of the group thinks are illustrated below: In the context of an isolated group, if a group of people that only considered their group or community to be the main and do not consider the presence of other communities and individuals from other ethnic backgrounds; they can be group-thinkers. Cherry (2015) portrays that in this case, the isolated group only reinforces their moral superiority and hate another group. In the context of professional organizations, if all the members of the company manufacture products that is quickly becoming outdated and denies adopting new alternatives for the betterment of the organization; they can also be considered as group-thinkers (Janis 2015). Moreover, in common people also this insolence of group-thinking can be seen regarding politics. People follow one political idealand stop watching working approach of other political groups, which leads to hate and distrust people who disagree with them (Janis 2015). Example of groupthink In this section, some of the major examples of group thinking will be illustrated: One of the famous examples of group-thinking is that of Swissair. Brinkmann and (2014) explained that this airlines services provider once was financially so fortunate that they are known as "Flying Bank." The managing authorities also thought that they were invulnerable. This lead to a state of arrogance and delusional self-belief, and as a result, they also become a "mutual appreciation society." Consequently, they also started formulating new strategies like "Hunger strategy," where they develop acquisition of small airlines rather than entering into alliance agreements (Sims and Sauser 2013). This lead to the extreme failure of the concerned organization and the company was fully collapsed in 2001. In recent times, some people believe the thought of Maurice Newman can be considered as an example of group-thinking. The concerned person stated argued that the concept of the climate change is vague and there is a little reality in the concept. The news article of "The Weekend Australia," reported that, when a majority of 97% of the scientists agrees that climate change is an urgent human-made problem, then it is questionable how a non-scientist can challenge that climate change is unreal (Theaustralian.com.au 2016). Moreover, Rhodes (2013) highlights on another side of the coin by stating that scientists also reveals their opinion and to the scientific facts how much global warming is curbed by taking green initiatives throughout these years. Thus, this conflicts results in an unquestionable war among the politicians and scientists of climate science rather than taking effective steps for protecting planet earth. Another example of group-thinking in the corporate world is about Marks Spencer and British Airways." Riordan and Riordan (2013) highlighted that both these companies develop over-confidence of their profitability and released globalization expansion strategies and overlook its respective potential failure. The prime reason for this is that both these companies had an illusion of their invulnerability. Riordan and Riordan (2013) also depict that analysis of Jack Eaton's content reveals that during their adoption of globalization strategies, all eight symptoms of groupthink were there and resulted in an immense loss for both of the companies. The shares of Marks Spencer fell from 590 to less than 300 and the shares of British Airways fall from 740 to 300 (Riordan and Riordan 2013). Identification of potential reasons for its operational failure Cherry (2015) suggested some of the reason for the failure of the concept of Group-thinking: Collective rationalization is a case, where a group ignores warning from their higher authorities or oppositions and they continue to proceed on their approaches (Petrakis and Konstantakopoulou 2015). Bell (2016) mentioned that illusions of invulnerability are the major reason for the failure of business decisions in the corporate world. Petrakis and Konstantakopoulou (2015) on the other hand emphasized on a stereotyped view of the others, where an individual stops to understand the ethical concerns of others and underestimate the potential of others in contributing effective suggestions. In the case of Swissair Airlines, the decision for acquisitions of small airlines rather than collaborations with the leading airline's services was the potential reason for the collapse of the concerned organization. The reason for investing in these small airlines services is to get a foothold in the EU market to attain a membership of the EU that is rejected by EU resulting in a huge loss for Swissair Airlines (Louie 2013). Moreover, in the case of calling the effect of the greenhouse as a delusion, it can be said that Maurice Newman takes advantage of the designation, chairperson of the Australian Broadcasting Corporation and expounded private views on climate change (Taylor 2016). The lack of meeting with government personnel and communication with the general communal, the action of the concerned person leads to the conflict between scientists and the government of Australia. Lastly, the illusion of invulnerability was the wrong move in collapsing of Marks Spencer and British Airways. Louie (2013) states that businessperson has to consider the recent demand of the market and the political stability along with a pre-mortem business-analysis before taking any business decision. However, both of these organizations only consider their business growth throughout the past years. This was the potential wrong move that results in their failures of activities. Conclusion Thus, it can be concluded that Illusions of Invulnerability, Stereotyped View of Others, Collective Rationalization and Mind Guards can be considered as symptoms of the group-thinking. This result in business failures as a group only considers their view, opinion, strengths and business stability and overlooks the negative consequences that can occur in future. Thus, every organization and individual have to analyze the environment in the surrounding the future opportunity for correct investments and taking an effective business decision. Reference List Bell, R.M., 2016, January. FIRST CENTURY GROUPTHINK: AN EXEGETICAL CASE STUDY. In Allied Academies International Conference. Academy of Organizational Culture, Communications and Conflict. Proceedings (Vol. 21, No. 1, p. 6). Jordan Whitney Enterprises, Inc.] Brinkmann, U. and van Weerdenburg, O., 2014. Intercultural Competences for Culturally Diverse Teams. In Intercultural Readiness (pp. 135-175). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Cherry, K., 2015. What is groupthink. About Education. Janis, I.L., 2015. Groupthink: the desperate drive for consensus at any cost. Classics of Organization Theory, p.161. Lee, S.T., Chae, J., Uyen, N.B.T., Gim, G. and Kim, J.B., 2016. A Study of Groupthink in Online Communities. Louie, J., 2013. Greed and Corporate FailureThe Lessons from Recent Disasters. Management Research News. Petrakis, P.E. and Konstantakopoulou, D.P., 2015. Strategic Scenario Thinking. In Uncertainty in Entrepreneurial Decision Making (pp. 141-153). Palgrave Macmillan US. Rhodes, R.A.W., 2013. From Prime-Ministerial Leadership to Court Politics. P. Strangio, Paul t Hart and J. Walter (Eds.), Prime Ministerial Leadership: Power, Party and Performance in Westminster System, pp.318-333. Riordan, D. and Riordan, M., 2013. Guarding against groupthink in the professional work environment: a checklist. Journal of Academic and Business Ethics, 7, p.1. Sims, R.R. and Sauser, W.I., 2013. Toward a better understanding of the relationships among received wisdom, groupthink, and organizational ethical culture. Journal of Management Policy and Practice, 14(4), p.75. Taylor, L., 2016. Climate sceptic Maurice Newman not reappointed as government adviser. [online] the Guardian. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2015/sep/28/climate-sceptic-maurice-newman-not-reappointed-government-adviser [Accessed 25 Dec. 2016]. Theaustralian.com.au., 2016. Groupthink reigns in climate research. [online] Available at: https://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/groupthink-reigns-in-climate-change-research/news-story/3a9bfe035ecf96a668a32c1689f4d1dc [Accessed 25 Dec. 2016].

Atomic Essay Example For Students

Atomic Essay BombThen a tremendous flash of light cut across the sky . Mr. Tanimotohas a distinct recollection that it traveled from east to west, from the citytoward the hills. It seemed like a sheet of sun. à John Hersey, fromHiroshima, pp.8 On August 6, 1945, the world changed forever. On that day theUnited States of America detonated an atomic bomb over the city of Hiroshima. Never before had mankind seen anything like. Here was something that wasslightly bigger than an ordinary bomb, yet could cause infinitely moredestruction. It could rip through walls and tear down houses like the devilswrecking ball. In Hiroshima it killed 100,000 people, most non-militarycivilians. Three days later in Nagasaki it killed roughly 40,000 . The immediateeffects of these bombings were simple. The Japanese government surrendered,unconditionally, to the United States. The rest of the world rejoiced as themost destructive war in the history of mankind came to an end . All while thesurvivors of Hiroshima and Nagasaki tried to piece together what was left oftheir lives, families and homes. Over the course of the next forty years, thesetwo bombings, and the nuclear arms race that followed them, would come to have adirect or indirect effect on almost every man, woman and child on this Earth,including people in the United States. The atomic bomb would penetrate everyfabric of Ame rican existence. From our politics to our educational system. Ourindustry and our art. Historians have gone so far as to call this period in ourhistory the Ã’atomic ageÓ for the way it has shaped and guided worldpolitics, relations and culture. The entire history behind the bomb itself isrooted in Twentieth Century physics. At the time of the bombing the science ofphysics had been undergoing a revolution for the past thirty-odd years. Scientists now had a clear picture of what the atomic world was like. They newthe structure and particle makeup of atoms, as well as how they behaved. Duringthe 1930Õs it became apparent that there was a immense amount of energythat would be released atoms of Gioielli 2certain elements were split, or takenapart. Scientists began to realize that if harnessed, this energy could besomething of a magnitude not before seen to human eyes. They also saw that thisenergy could possibly be harnessed into a weapon of amazing power. And with theadvent of World War Two, this became an ever increasing concern. In the earlyfall of 1939, the same time that the Germans invaded Poland, President Rooseveltreceived a letter from Albert Einstein, informing him about the certainpossibilities of creating a controlled nuclear chain reaction, and thatharnessing such a reaction could produce a bomb of formidable strength. Hewrote: This new phenomena would lead also lead to the construction of bombs, andit is conceivable, though much less certain-that extremely powerful bombs of anew type may thus be constructed (Clark 556-557).The letter goes on to encouragethe president to increase government and military involvement in suchexperiments, and to encourage the experimental work of the scientists with theallocation of funds, facilities and equipment that might be necessary. Thisletter ultimately led to the Manhattan Project, the effort that involvedbillions of dollars and tens of thousands of people to produce the atomic bomb. During the time after the war, until just recently the American psyche has beenbranded with the threat of a nuclear holocaust. Here was something so powerful,yet so diminutive. A bomb that could obliterate our nations capital, and thatwas as big as somebodies backyard grill. For the first time in the history ofhuman existence here was something capable of wiping us off the face of theEarth. And most people had no control over that destiny. It seemed like peopleslives, the life of everything on this planet, was resting in the hands of acouple men in Northern Virginia and some guys over in Russia. The atomic bomband the amazing power it held over us had a tremendous influence on AmericanCulture, including a profound effect on American Literature. After the war, thefirst real piece of literature about the bombings came in 1946. The workHiroshima, by Jon Hersey, from which the opening quote is taken, first appearedas a long article in the New Yorker, then shortly after in book form. The bookis a non-fiction account of the bombing of Hiroshima and the immediateaftermath. It is told from the point-of-view of six hibakusha, or Ã’survivorsÓof the atomic blast. In four chapters Hersey traces how the these peoplesurvived the blast, and what they did in following weeks and months to pulltheir lives together Gioielli 3and save their families. The book takes on a toneof sympathy and of miraculous survival à that these people were luckyenough to survive the blast. He focuses not on the suffering of the victims buton their courage (Stone, 7). The following passage from the first chapter showsthis:A hundred thousand people were killed by the bomb, and these six were amongthe survivors. They still wonder why they lived when so many others died. Eachof the counts many small items of chance or volitionà a step taken in time,a decision to go indoors, catching one streetcar instead of the nextà thatspared him. And each that in the act of survival he lived a dozen lives and sawmore death than he ever thought he would see. At the time, none of them knewanything (4). Hersey was attempting to chronicle what had happened at Hiroshima,and to do so fairly. And in emphasizing the survival instead of the suffering hedoes not make his book anti-American or something that condemns the dropping ofthe bomb. He simply gives these peoples accounts of how they survived in a tonethat is more journalistic than sensationalistic. The book empathizes with theirplight while it also gives an American explanation for the bombing (Stone, 7). That it was an act of war to end the war as quickly and as easily as possible,and to save more lives in the long run. Hersey did all this to provide what heconsidered an evenhanded portrayal of the event, but he also did not want tocause much controversy. Although it could be criticized for not giving a moredetailed account of the suffering that occurred, and that it reads more like ahistory book than a piece of literature, HerseyÕs book was the first ofits kind when it was published. Up until then all accounts of the Hiroshimabombing writings about it took the slant that Japanese had Ã’deserved whatwe had given themÓ, and that we were good people for doing so. Theseaccounts were extremely prejudicial and racist. (Stone, 4) Hersey was the firstto take the point of view of those who had actually experienced the event. Andhis work was the transition between works that glorified thedropping of theatomic bomb, to those that focused on its amazing destructive powers, and whatth ey could do to our world. During the period immediately after the war, notmuch information was available to general public concerning what kind ofdestruction the atomic bombs had actually caused in Japan. But starting withHerseyÕs book and continuing with other non-fiction works, such as DavidBradleys No Place To Hide, which concerned the Bikini Island nuclear tests,Americans really began to get a picture of the awesome power and destructivenessof nuclear weapons. They saw that these really Gioielli 4were doomsday devices. Weapons that could change everything in an instant, and turn things into nothingin a moment. It was this realization that had a startling effect on Americanculture and literature. Some Americans began to say Ã’At any time we couldall be shadows in the blast wave, so whatÕs the point?Ó. Thisviewpoint manifested itself in literature in something called the Ã’apocalyptictemperÓ; an attitude or a tone dealing with a forthcoming end to theworld. Also, many people, because of this realization of our impending death,were beginning to say that maybe their was something inherently wrong with allof this. That nuclear weapons are dangerous to everyone, no matter what yourpolitical views or where you live, and that we should do away with all of them. They have no value to society and should be destroyed. This apocalyptic temperand social activism was effected greatly in the early Sixties by the CubanMissile Crisis. When Americans saw, on television, that they could be undernuclear attack in under twenty minutes, a new anxiety about the cold warsurfaced that had not been present since the days of McCarthy. And this newanxiety was evidenced in works that took on a much more satirical tone. And oneof the works that shows this satiric apocalyptic temper and cynicism is KurtVonneguts Cats Cradle. Vonnegut, considered by many to be one of Americasforemost living authors, was himself a veteran of World War Two. He, as aprisoner of war, was one of the few survivors of the fire-bombing of Dresden. InDresden he saw what many believe was a more horrible tragedy than Hiroshima. Theallied bombs destroyed the entire city and killed as many people, if not more,than were killed in Hiroshima. He would eventually write about this experiencein the semi-autobiographical Slaughterhouse-Five. This novel, like Cats Cradle,takes a very strong anti-war stance. But along with being an Anti-war book, CatsCradle is an excellent satire of the Atomic Age. It is essentially the story ofone man, an author by the name of John (or Jonah) and the research he is doingfor a book on the day the bomb exploded in Hiroshima. This involves him withmembers of the Dr. Felix Hoenikker familyà the genius who helped build thebombà and their adventures. In the book Vonnegut paints an imaginary worldwhere things might not seem to make any Gioielli 5sense. But there is in fact anamazing amount of symbolism, as well as satire. Dr. Hoenikker is an extremelyeccentric scientist who spends most of his time in the lab at his company. He isinterested in very few things, his children not among them. His children arealmost afraid of him. One of the few times he does try to play with his childrenis when he tries to teach the game of cats cradle to his youngest s on, Newt. Interchangeable Parts EssayBut the one, plane piloted by Major Ã’KingÓ Kong, does get through,and it drops its bombload. This is where Kubrick tries to show the futility ofeverything. The governments of both the worlds superpowers have thousands ofsafeguards and security precautions for their nuclear weapons. But one manmanages to get a nuclear warhead to be hit its target. And this warhead hits theÃ’Doomsday DeviceÓ. The Doomsday device is the ultimate deterrent,because if you try to disarm it it will go off. It has the capability to destroyevery living human and animal on Earth, and it does So it is all pointless. Wehave these weapons, and no matter how hard we try to control them everyone stilldies. And so to make ourselves feel better about all this impending doom,Kubrick, like Vonnegut, satirizes the entire system. By making such moroniccharacters, like the wimpish President Mertin Muffley, Kubrick is saying,similar to Vonnegut with Dr. Hoenikker, that we are eve n worse off because theseweapons are controlled by people that are almost buffoonish and childish. General Ripper, the man who causes the end of the world, is a portrait of aMcCarthy era paranoid gone mad. He thinks the communists are infiltrating andtrying to destroy are country. And he says the most heinous communist plotagainst democracy is fluoridation of water:Like I was saying, Group Captain,fluoridation of water is the most monstrously conceived and dangerous communistplot we have ever had to face . . . They pollute our precious bodily fluids!(George 97)And General Rippers personal prevention of the contamination of hisbodily fluids is equally perplexing. He drinks only Ã’ . . . distilledwater, or rain water, and only grain alcohol . . .Ó Kubrick uses this kindof absurd reasoning in his movie to show the absurd reasoning behind nuclearweapons. Both him and Vonnegut were part of the satirical side of theapocalyptic temper in the early Sixties. They laughed at our governments, ourleaders, the Cold War and the arms race, and tried to show how stupid it allreally was. Bu t as time moved on, the writers, and the entire country, startedto take a less narrow minded view of things. The counterculture of the Gioielli9sixties prompted people to take a closer look at themselves. As thinkers,teachers, lovers, parents, friends and human beings. And people concerned withnuclear weapons started to see things in a broader context as well. Nuclearweapons were something that affected our whole consciousness. The way we grewup, our relationships with others and what we did with our lives. One of theauthors who put this new perspective on things was the activist, social thinkerand poet Allen Ginsberg. Ginsberg first made a name for himself in the 1950Õsas one of the foremost of the Beat writers. The Beats in the Fifties were aforerunner of the more widespread counterculture of the late Sixties and earlySeventies. And Ginsberg evolved into this. He became a devoted leader in thecounterculture, who set many precedents for the Hippie generation. He lived invarious communes, delved deeply into eastern religions and experimented withnumerous hallucinogenic drugs. In the earlier part of his life Ginsberg had beena rebel against society. He was still a rebel but now he was taking the form ofactivist. By the Seventies he was involved in many causes that promoted peaceand world harmony. What separated Ginsberg from other activists is that he wasone of the first and original members of many of these movements. Now he was thefather figure to many in the non-mainstream world. While teaching at his schoolof poetry in Naropa, Colorado, Ginsberg became involved in protests against thenearby Rock Flats Nuclear Weapons Factory. During the Summer of 1978 he wasarrested for preventing a shipment nuclear waste from reaching its destinationand for numerous other protests against the facility (Miles 474). From theseexperiences came two poems Ã’Nagasaki DaysÓ and Ã’ Plutonium OdeÓ. Both these poems exhibit Ginsbergs more mature style of writing (Miles 475). The poems are more scholarly, containing many mythological and religiousallusions. But both these characteristics show how post war apocalypticliterature had evolved. By the Seventies many writers, instead of taking thedefeatist, satirical view like Vonnegut, were beginning to take a make activiststandpoint, like Ginsberg. Apocalyptic literature also took on a more mature,scholarly tone, and was more worldly and had a broader viewpoint. This stanzafrom Ã’Nagasaki DaysÓ shows how Ginsberg is putting nuclear weaponsinto the context of the universal:2,000,000 killed in Vietnam13,000,000 refugeesin Indochina 200,000,000 years for the Galaxy to revolve on its core 24,000 theBabylonian great year24,000 half life of plutoniumGioielli 102,000 the most Iever got for a poetry reading80,000 dolphins killed in the dragnet4,000,000,000years earth been born (701)The half life of plutonium is brought together withdolphins and Indochinese refugees. Also, Ginsberg makes a reference to theBabyl onian great year, which coincides with the half life of plutonium. Thiscosmic link intrigued Ginsberg immensely. That fact alone inspired him to rightÃ’Plutonium OdeÓ. The whole poem expands on this connection toplutonium as a living part of our universe, albeit a very dangerous one. Here hementions the Great Year:Before the Year began turning its twelve signs, ereconstellations wheeled for twenty-four thousand sunny yearsslowly round theiraxis in Sagittarius, one hundred sixty-seven thousand times returning to thisnight. (702) Ginsberg is also relating the great year, and the half life ofplutonium, to the life of the Earth. The life of the Earth is approximately fourbillion years, which is 24,000 times 167,000 (Ginsberg 796) In Ã’PlutoniumOdeÓ, Ginsberg talks to plutonium. By establishing a dialogue he gives theplutonium almost human characteristics. It is something, and is near us everyday, and is deadly. In this passage he is asking how long before it kills usall:I enter your secret places with my mind, I speak with your presence, I roamyour lion roar with mortal mouth.One microgram inspired to one lung, ten poundsof heavy metal dust, adrift slowly motion over gray Alpsthe breadth of theplanet, how long before your radiance speeds blight and death to sentientbeings. (703) In putting his nuclear fears and worries on the table, and sayingthat these things have pertinence to us because they affect how we live ourlives and the entire the universe, Ginsberg is showing how intrigued he is withplutonium in this poem. By the time Ginsberg was publishing these poems in late1978, post war literature had evolved immensely. At first people had no ideaabout the bomb and its capabilities. Then, as more information came out aboutwhat the bomb could do, they began to began to start to live in real fear ofnuclear weapons. The power of it, a creation by man that could destroy theworld, that was terrifying. Then some artists and writers began to see theabsurdity of it all. They saw that we were under control by people we did not,or should not, trust, and were a constant state of nuclear Gioielli 11fear. Sothey satirized the system unmercifully, and were very apocalyptic in their tone. But then things evolved from these narrow minded viewpoints, and people began toenvision nuclear weapons in the context of our world and our lives. The atomicbomb and nuclear proliferation affected all facets of our lifestyle, includingwhat we read. Literature is a reflection of a countryÕs culture andfeelings. And literature affected Americans curiosity, horror, anxiety, cynicismand hope concerning nuclear weapons. Nuclear weapons raised questions that noone had dare ever asked before, and had given them answers that they were afraidto hear. They have made us think about our place in the universe, and what itall means. BibliographyBartter, Martha A. The Way to Ground Zero. New York: Greenwood Press, 1988. Dewey, Joseph. In a Dark Time. West Lafayette: Purdue University Press, 1990.Dr. Strangelove. Dir. Stanley Kubrick. With Peter Sellers, George C. Scott and SlimPickens. Highland Films Ltd., 1966.(This is a novelization of the movie. Allqoutations from the movie were transribed form this book) Einstein, Albert. Ã’SirÓ (a letter to President Franklin D. Roosevelt) Einstein: TheLife and Times. Ronald W. Clark. New York: World Publishing, 1971. 556-557.George, Peter. Dr. Strangelove. Boston: Gregg Press, 1979.Ginsberg,Allen. Ã’Nagasaki DaysÓ and Ã’Plutonium Ode.Ó CollectedPoems: 1947à 1980. Ed. Allen Ginsberg. New York: Harper and Row, 1984. 699-705. Gleick, James. Genius: The Life and Science of Richard Feynman. NewYork :Vintage Books, 1992.Hersey, John. Hiroshima. New York: Alfred A. Knopf,1985.Miles, Barry. Ginsberg: A Biography. New York: Harper Perennial,1989.Stone, Albert E. Literary Aftershocks: American Writers, Readers and theBomb. New York: Twayne Publishers, 1994.Vonnegut, Kurt. CatÕs Cradle. NewYork:Dell, 1963.